1. Une capacité activée est de la forme [cout]:[effet]
Une capacité déclenchée commence par 'When', 'whenever', ou 'at'
Le reste, ce sont des capacités statiques.
Les capacités à mot-clef peuvent regrouper plusieurs capacités des types précédents.
L'acharnement n'est pas une capacité à mot clef. Il y a toujours un texte qui dit ce que fait l'acharnement.
502.48. Transmute
502.48a Transmute is an activated ability that functions only while the card with transmute is in a player’s hand. “Transmute [cost]” means “[Cost], Discard this card: Search your library for a card with the same converted mana cost as the discarded card, reveal that card, and put it into your hand. Then shuffle your library. Play this ability only any time you could play a sorcery.”
502.48b Although the transmute ability is playable only if the card is in a player’s hand, it continues to exist while the object is in play and in all other zones. Therefore objects with transmute will be affected by effects that depend on objects having one or more activated abilities.
502.54. Graft
502.54a Graft represents both a static ability and a triggered ability. “Graft N” means “This permanent comes into play with N +1/+1 counters on it” and “Whenever another creature comes into play, you may move a +1/+1 counter from this permanent onto that creature.”
502.54b If a creature has multiple instances of graft, each one works separately.
2.
502.9. Trample
502.9a Trample is a static ability that modifies the rules for assigning an attacking creature’s combat damage. A creature with trample has no special abilities when blocking or dealing noncombat damage. (See rule 310, “Combat Damage Step.”)
502.14. Vigilance
502.14a Vigilance is a static ability that modifies the rules for the declare attackers step.
3. C'est une capacité activée (cf 1.)
Pour les autres capacités à mot-clef, tu peux trouver les règles sur ce site, ou sur le site de wizard...